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Self-Definition and Development, 2008.
A discussion on the subject of self definition and development with respect to the African-American culture.
750 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
The paper relates in descriptive terms the understanding of many African Americans that knowledge, values and principles are necessary to fulfill their ambition of self definition and development. The paper highlights with examples and discussion, the necessity for African Americans to recognize their cultural knowledge, values and principles and to self define or self develop to prevent loss of identity.
Outline:
Essential knowledge
Important principles and values
From the Paper
"Knowledge is definitely power, and the knowledge of one's roots and heritage is empowering for the individual of African America descent. In an introduction to an article entitled, Black Homeland Black Diaspora, Drachler emphasizes the importance of acknowledging one's African roots, cultures, and customs. However, Drachler also writes how this knowledge can become quite confusing with the pressure to be Americanized into a universal melting pot. This search for an "identity of wholeness and pride [...] have offered themselves, pointing toward Africa [...] the ancestral homeland" (Draschler 8-9). Drachler lists several "main tendencies" that have been attempted by African Americans to gain self-knowledge and awareness."
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Subversions and Mixed Messages, 2008.
An analysis of the contributions of African-American performers
to the minstrel tradition.
1,587 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how the minstrel tradition, although apparently racist, also provided a platform for African-American artists not only to launch themselves into careers in theatre that would otherwise have been closed to them, but also to use the form of the tradition for their own purposes. It looks at how through the integration of African-American musical traditions, the subtle alteration of minstrel imagery, and the addition of protest lyrics which brought issues of race to the forefront, these artists were able to subvert and transcend the very medium which had been created at their expense.
From the Paper
"In an article entitled "The Influences of Nineteenth Century African American Music on the Popular Music of South Africa", Robbie Fry writes that "After the Emancipation Proclamation in 1862 the number of black [minstrel] troupes grew rapidly. Their appeal was their 'authenticity,' which they promoted in advertisements and exploited in their performances. This authenticity drove the white performers out of the business and opened the doors for many African American musicians and actors" (Fry, 1). Their involvement in the heretofore whites only minstrel scene altered it drastically--and, in fact, they proceeded to use the genre, its images and its traditions for their own purposes, using the platform they were given by white audiences continuing to seek confirmation of the racial order they were so heavily invested in. While Fry admits that the draw of potential financial freedom, away from the harsh realities of plantation life, presented a powerful inducement to join in the minstrel tradition, he also insists that this was not simply a case of African American performers selling out, and giving their white audiences what they wanted. "
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"A Time to Kill", 2008.
This paper discusses the social implications of John Grisham's movie "A Time to Kill".
985 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
The paper explores how the movie "A Time to Kill" addresses the issues that surround the rape and murder of a young African-American girl, the justice dealt to her white rapist-killers and how the revenge meted out by her father is dealt with. The paper highlights how, with the characters acting as realistic representatives of life in the American South, the movie shows how racist socialization is both widespread and inevitable.
From the Paper
"The plot of the movie "A Time to Kill" contains several social implications. Each one of these social factors plays a role in how the movie addresses the issues that surround the rape and murder of a young African American girl, the idea of "justice" being dealt to her rapist-killers, and with how the vigilante justices meted out by her father is dealt. While the protagonist, portrayed by Samuel L. Jackson has clearly committed the act of which he has been accused, his character is more sympathetic than the men that he has killed. The sympathy that his story creates in the minds of both the jury--and the audience--is such that it transcends the actual demands of the justice system."
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African-American Identity, 2008.
This paper explores African-American self-definition and development.
999 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the need for a communal African-American identity, with a commitment to acknowledging racism and combating it. The paper looks at the works of Chinua Achebe, Kwame Gyekye and Aime Cesaire who, from different viewpoints, each make a strong call for African-Americans to form a community or family that remembers and reclaims its cultural legacy. The paper explains that claiming membership in a global community of Africans is a way of building a well-grounded and powerful identity that can heal and liberate.
From the Paper
"The question of the self-identity of African Americans is a complex one. On the one hand, their identity is clear - they are Americans, with all of the challenges and responsibilities that go with this identity in 2007. On the other hand, however, they have a broader identity: their African identity. To some extent, this is true of most Americans - for example, there are many Americans of Irish descent. However, there are two important differences. One of them is that African Americans comprise a visible minority, merely by being clearly and visibly African. The second is that unlike Irish people, millions of Africans today still live in extremely difficult circumstances. Moreover, as famous Nigerian writer Chinua Achebe claims, this is arguably part of the legacy of racism."
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Race and My Community: The Case of Brooklyn, New York, 2008.
A discussion on race relations in the Brooklyn suburb of New York.
1,560 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
The paper investigates racism with specific reference to the Brooklyn suburb of New York and taking into account the population groups and the manner in which civic leaders react to the African-American race groups. The paper looks at how the media portrays this racial group and finally the writer sets forth suggestions as to how the situation can be improved.
From the Paper
"Naturally, any commentary on how African-Americans in Brooklyn are perceived leads inevitably to the question of how they portrayed by the local media. I was unable to find local statistics that revealed the number of African-Americans working in management or high-profile positions on local television, but I would have to concur with Kanye West's criticisms in the past that African-Americans are shown in a generally negative light by the media (Gold & Collins, 2005); specifically, there is a predisposition among many in the media to downplay white offenses (like stealing) while failing to do the same for African-Americans. For my part, I have often looked at the local news and puzzled over the fact that so many of the criminals shown on television are African-American - even though I know full-well that Caucasians and Asians are hardly uninvolved in criminal activity. It is this image of African-Americans - especially African-American men - as criminals that cause us to be ignored by local cabbies and passed over for job openings. "
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African Immigrants in the Rural South, 2008.
A research proposal to study health care among African immigrants in the rural south of the US.
2,530 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 76.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, without preventive services, such as regular physical exams and dentist visits, African immigrants in the rural south of the US are the victims of great health disparity. The paper points out that health care information may not reach the needy African immigrant population due to their inability to read and comprehend flyers, poster and pamphlets explaining the services available in the area. The paper then presents the research methods for a qualitative case study in which the local health care system will look at how to best reach this African immigrant population. A health care survey is included with the paper.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Literature Review
Research Methods
Limitations
Appendices
Interview
Survey
From the Paper
"The Untied States Center for Disease Control (CDC) focused on African immigrants in a study of health disparities in 2005. The CDC found that health disparities affecting African immigrants in the rural south included HIV/AIDS and a variety of mental disorders. The CDC stated that African immigrants are at an increased risk for chronic disease and injury due to lack of English fluency and education regarding the United States health care system. Also, cultural attitudes were cited as a contributing factor in the health disparity of African immigrants residing in the United States."
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"To Kill a Mockingbird", 2008.
A critical analysis of the theme of racism in the 1962 film "To Kill a Mockingbird" directed by Robert Mulligan.
808 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the critical elements of racism that arise as they pertain to Robert Mulligan's film "To Kill a Mockingbird". It looks at how in many scenes within the film, Mulligan effectively captures the spirit of Atticus Finch (Gregory Peck) and his desire to defend a black man from being wrongfully charged with raping a white woman. The paper also discusses how, by acknowledging the problems of racism in the South in the 1930s, Mulligan provides cultural and community based examples of racism that are realistic and poignant.
From the Paper
"The major issue in Mulligan's civil rights era film To Kill a Mockingbird is how racism is prevalent between families within the town. The Radley's are the racist faction that seeks to have the black boy hung for supposedly raping a white girl, and it is the Finch's that help to bring about justice to seek a legal means to try the case. Mulligan brings this conflict into focus, which is a major reason why the film depicts racism effectively as a cultural issue that divided communities in the 1930s. In Mulligan's characterization of the families, Nathan (Richard Hale) is very similar to Boo's dad, as he is racist and does not care for outsiders to interfere with the events that occur inside the Radley home."
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A Look at America in the 1940s, 2008.
A look at how American women and African Americans changed their view of themselves after the Second World War.
1,430 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
The following paper looks at how the Second World War changed American society in ways that few could have envisioned in 1939, by changing how African Americans and women saw themselves. It also explores the social, cultural, economic, racial, political, and gender contexts of the age in which two important primary documents shedding light on the struggles of both of these aforementioned groups were written.
From the Paper
"In 1941, A. Philip Randolph penned an article in the Black Worker entitled, "Call to Negro America to March on Washington for Jobs and Equal Participation in National Defense." In this piece, Randolph spoke of a "crisis" unfolding within America - a crisis that involved America's black population. As Randolph put it, "What is this crisis? To American Negroes, it is the denial of jobs in Government defense departments. It is racial discrimination in Government departments. It is wide-spread Jim-Crowism in the armed forces of the nation." Mr. Randolph went on to vigorously argue for full integration in the nation's fighting forces and for jobs in critical national defense projects; he also told his readers of what would happen to America if the cries of African-Americans for equal treatment was not reached: "if American democracy will not defend its defenders; if American democracy will not give jobs to its toilers because of race or color; if American democracy will not insure equality of opportunity, freedom and justice to its citizens, black and white, it is a hollow mockery and belies the principles for which it is supposed to stand..." In the end, it may be argued that the cataclysmic upheaval of a world war became the moment within which African-Americans set in motion the civil rights movement still to come."
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Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 60s, 2008.
A discussion on the US Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 60s.
941 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper deals with the US Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s - described by this author as the most important domestic social movement of the twentieth century. The writer then goes on to describe the ideas of Henry David Thoreau and Ralph Waldo Emerson, and looks at how the Civil Rights Movement successfully adopted the ideas of these two American philosophers.
From the Paper
"The Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s was, arguably, the most important domestic social movement of the twentieth century; at the very least, it was the most important social phenomenon to grip America since the close of the Civil War. Under the skillful leadership of Martin Luther King, Jr., the movement became famous for civil disobedience or the non-violent resistance to laws that perpetuated racial inequality and segregation. Civil rights activists, with the blessing of Dr. King, organized peaceful demonstrations, boycotts, voter-registration drives, marches, strikes and simply refused to obey laws they saw as wrong and unjust. Of course, an approach of this sort requires extraordinary courage and brings with it many risks - but, at the same time, the Civil Rights Movement acquired a moral grandeur and authority that made it very formidable (Brunner, sec.2). The next few pages will argue that, by pursuing civil disobedience, the Civil Rights Movement captured the essence of Henry David Thoreau's understanding of the concept. At the same time, by speaking the truth about the American condition, and by embracing a non-conformist approach designed to uproot institutionalized bigotry in the United States, the Civil Rights Movement echoed some of the principles laid down by Ralph Waldo Emerson in his famous essay, "Self-Reliance". With that in mind, the following paper will describe the ideas of Thoreau and Emerson, the Civil Rights Movement, and how the Civil Rights Movement successfully adopted the ideas of these two American philosophers. In the end, the movement benefited greatly from following the intellectual example of Henry David Thoreau and from following the demand of Emerson that people act as non-conformists in the pursuit of a great cause."
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Mary Ann Shadd, 2008.
A look at the life and work of Mary Ann Shadd and her important place in North American history.
1,651 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
The following paper looks at Mary Ann Shadd and assess her important place in North American (not merely Canadian or American) history. To wit, the ensuing several pages look at Shadd's prominent role as the first Black woman in North America to edit and publish a newspaper when she brought into existence the 'Provincial Freeman' in Windsor, Ontario, during the 1850s. Moreover, the paper looks at how Shadd vehemently rejected the strictures imposed upon her by virtue of being female and black and how she self-consciously carved out for herself a very public position on a wide array of issues. To determine what precisely it was that made Mary Ann Shadd so different from so many other women, the paper begins first by looking at her upbringing in a home wherein both her parents played integral roles in the early nineteenth-century Underground Railroad. Additionally, this paper explores her education and inquires into the role Quakerism played in shaping her vigorous intellect and her determination to use "common sense" - via the written word - to awaken revulsion against slavery and racial inequality. Finally, some time is devoted to looking at her many accomplishments as a publisher and as an educator.
From the Paper
"Shadd's work as an editor and publisher is only one small part of her contribution to history - both Canadian and American. In addition to her involvement in the newspaper industry, Shadd was also a teacher who, while not even in her 30s yet, organized a school for black children in Wilmington, Delaware - the same slave-holding state her family had fled from not so many years earlier. She also somehow found time to teach in New York City, West Chester, and Norristown, Pennsylvania. More significantly, Shadd opposed school segregation and, upon arriving in Windsor, Ontario, somehow scraped together the money from bemused parents to found a private school (with her at the head of course) that, ostensibly, rejected educational segregation. "
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