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Egyptian Architecture, 2006.
An examination as to why ancient Egyptian construction still fascinates architects today.
2,754 words (approx. 11.0 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 82.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how, long after the Egyptian pyramids were first built, there still remains a fascination with this unique architectural design. It looks at how the Pharaonic builders completed their task with an ability and sophistication that has never seen been surpassed. Their capability of understanding the force of gravity, of weight and the stone cube was remarkable. The paper concludes that no where else, by any other culture, has the stone mound been transformed so accurately and substantially into geometrical form.
From the Paper
"As communities grew larger, it was more possible for leaders to emerge and for power to be solidified within, without fear of external invasion. This internal security accounts for the amazing continuity of the Egyptian civilization2 . Certainly, in no other country after the Paleolithic age, can so many constant elements be found over so long a period as in Egypt. The sense of permanence was made possible by this exceptional locale. Although the exact number of people who lived in the country is not possible to know, estimates vary from between one-and-a-half million to over five million3. Most of this population consisted of peasants and civil servants."
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The Alamo and Michelangelo, 2006.
This paper analyzes the architecture of The Alamo in San Antonio, Texas from Michelangelo's point of view.
1,458 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper critiques the building from the point of view of architect Michelangelo who is totally unrelated to the building's design. Written in the first person speech given by Michelangelo, he critiques the building according to his own architectural values and beliefs.
From the Paper
"Perhaps the thing that perplexes me most about this building is the scale. Walking up to it, it simply seems so small, much smaller than most people would imagine, I believe. It is dwarfed by many of the modern surrounding buildings, which adds to its diminutive status. I believe a building should be grand and impressive, and unfortunately, the Alamo is unassuming and could easily be overlooked. If I had a hand in renovation, I would add a grander fa?ade, perhaps less symmetrical but with more interesting and relevant details, such as more columns, and certainly a balustrade accessible for tourists to ascend to and view the surrounding plaza. I may seem too critical of what is obviously a very important American historical landmark. However, the building is not nearly as impressive as its' history to me, and I think it could be made much more memorable by adding a bit more style, color, and interest. I understand the phrase here in Texas is "Remember the Alamo." I however, will not carry its memory with me for long, as I feel it suffers from architectural apathy, rather than a real joyous interest in creating a unique and valuable monument to God - and to the architect who had a vision for detail and design."
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The Parthenon, 2006.
An overview of the history and background of Athens' Parthenon.
894 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how in its day, the Parthenon was considered the finest example of a Doric order temple and how it was built in the 5th century BCE to give thanks to Athena, the city's patron goddess, for the salvation of Athens and Greece in the Persian Wars.
From the Paper
""The name Parthenon refers to the worship of Athena Parthenos, the 'Virgin Athena' who issued fully grown from the head of her father Zeus" ("Parthenon, Athens, Greece"). Athena was the maiden goddess and patroness of Athens. She represented the gifts of intellect and understanding. Because of her purity in body, mind, and heart, Athena was considered "the symbol of the universal human aspiration for wisdom" ("Parthenon, Athens, Greece"). The topographical location, geometry, and astronomical orientation of the Parthenon reinforce the symbolism of the Parthenon as a shrine to the quest for wisdom. The temple itself was built to embody Athena's presence, both in its intention and in its physical construction."
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The Basilicas, 2004.
An examination of the basilicas in the Forum Romanum.
1,191 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper identifies and examines the three main basilicas in the Forum Romanum: Aemilia, Julia and Sempronia. The paper presents them as massive structures, generally rectangular in shape with two or more semi-circular apses or recesses. The paper explains how these basilicas were highly illuminated through the use of clerestory windows, usually greatly elevated and above the roof itself. The paper contends that in these beautiful structures, one can easily sense the Roman desire for broad, uninterrupted architectural spaces enclosed for the convenience of human transaction. The paper also explains the importance of the basilicas to the citizens of Rome, as they provided a place to meet, to converse and to witness the majesty of imperial Rome on a daily basis.
From the Paper
"During the Republican period in ancient Rome, most buildings were constructed as the need arose and were designed to serve public utility or the religious and commemorative needs of the State. And within the vast complex known as the city of Rome, the Forum Romanum served as the center of political life; it was also a place where the Roman Senate met at regular intervals and where the citizens of Rome could behold public spectacles, banquets and gladiatorial contests (Dudley, p. 48).
Thus, the Forum Romanum was, in many respects, the heart of things in ancient Rome, the administrative and social center of the city whose magnificent buildings were constructed over the site of the earliest settlements (Arnott, p. 17). In essence, the Forum Romanum was the galactic hub of Rome and allowed all of the citizens to participate in the daily activities of the city and to socialize with friends, family and, at times, enemies."
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The Innovative Ideas of Le Corbusier, 2005.
A look at the architectural vision of Swiss architect, Le Corbusier.
2,357 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper presents an overview of Le Corbusier's contribution to modern architecture, as well as his role in the larger Modernist movement in contemporary art. The paper contends that the influences that affected Le Corbusier's style and vision in architecture were related to events in history as well as contemporary art and philosophy. In other words, Le Corbusier's architectural vision was part of the artistic movements and milieu of his era and this forms part of the understanding of his influence on architecture.
From the Paper
"Le Corbusier was attracted to the visual arts from an early age. The earliest houses that he designed were similar in design to the vernacular architectural styles popular in the Alps. Later he expanded his artistic horizons and traveled to Europe where he was employed in the offices of the pioneer of reinforced concrete, Auguste Perret. Between October 1910 and March 1911 he worked for the renowned architect Peter Behrens near Berlin. All of these influences were to have an impact on the development of his style and architectural philosophy."
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Architect Frank Gehry, 2005.
This paper discusses Frank Gehry, a leading architect noted for his innovative structures using industrial materials in new ways.
1,530 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Franks Gehry is probably the foremost proponent of the dean of American architecture Philip Johnson's "Deconstructivist Architecture". The author points out that Gehry links his work in interesting ways with the environment and with the culture of the structure's surroundings. The paper reviews the critics of several of his works: The Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, Spain; the Malibu studio and residence of artist Ron Davis; the expansion of the Los Angeles County Museum of Art; the Los Angeles Museum of Contemporary Art (MOCA) and the Disney Music Hall in Los Angeles.
From the Paper
"Germano Celant refers to the architecture of Frank Gehry as "idealized cities - essences of urbanity which, refracted and re-presented through Gehry's aerial vision, throws open new ways of understanding the spatial and temporal dimensions of architecture." Celant also emphasizes ways in which the buildings of Gehry seem to expand out of themselves. He is referring specifically to buildings Gehry had designed for Los Angeles when he says that they "seem to split open and break apart, to burst out of closed containers and shoot off in all linguistic directions, as if seduced by the urban eroticism of Los Angeles." Celant says that many of these structures consist of a collection of structures making up a "house-city" marked by transparency through which one can observe details by peering through "apertures or lattices, panels or filters, through chain link or glass."'
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Historical Buildings Conservation, 2005.
A look at the economic and political contexts that influenced the practice of heritage conservation of historical buildings.
1,124 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses and analyzes the economic and political influences that made possible the implementation of conservation of historic buildings in contemporary society. This paper posits that rapid urbanization and need for economic gain and concern for environmentalism are the economic and political factors, respectively, that helped promote heritage conservation become implemented among historic buildings.
From the Paper
"The prevalence of the practice of heritage conservation has been instigated with cultural concerns that arise from a developed human society, along with its gradual movement toward becoming a more technologically-advanced civilization. Primarily, heritage conservation, specifically of historical sites and buildings, was introduced as part of organizations' attempts to preserve humanity's cultural heritage. That is, the argument put forth in introducing heritage conservation is culture-based."
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Inigo Jones, 2005.
A biographical account of the life and work of 16th century English architect, Inigo Jones.
4,182 words (approx. 16.7 pages), 19 sources, MLA, $ 111.95
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Abstract
This paper details the life of Inigo Jones, talks about where he derived many of his architectural themes and style, discusses the influence he would have on future architects and architecture and explains how many of his structures would become key architectural landmarks in England.
Introduction
Roman Architecture
Inigo Jones
Architecture
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Inigo Jones was born on July 15, 1573, in the Parish of St. Bartholomew's, Smithfield. Much about his life remains unknown, including the derivation of his name, details about his mother, and most of his early training. A tradition exists that he was apprenticed to a joiner in St. Paul's Churchyard, but this is only a tradition, with no evidence to support it. The anonymous author of the account in one book holds that Inigo was "early distinguished by his inclination to drawing, and was particularly taken notice of for his skill in the practice of landscape-painting," though most give no credit to this account. Little is known about whatever job he was pursuing until he gave it up to travel to Italy."
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The Stepped Pyramid of Djoser, 2005.
An examination of the great Step-Pyramid of Djoser, designed by Imhotep and the belief system it represented.
1,240 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper asserts that the ancient Egyptian sage Imhotep has two unique claims to fame: 1) he provides historians with the best documented instance of the deification of a man, and 2) he is the first known individual of genius. In a truly ironic fashion, the mortal man who designed the Great Step Pyramid as a tomb for the godlike Pharaoh Djoser was transformed into a god almost 2,000 years later and became the Egyptian god of healing. This paper provides an overview of the sage and vizier, Imhotep, the Great Step-Pyramid and its reflection of the belief systems in place at the time. A summary of the research is provided in the conclusion. The paper includes a photograph of the pyramid.
Introduction
Review and Discussion
Imhotep
Step Pyramid of Djoser and Its Reflection of the Belief System
Personal Reasons for Selecting This Topic
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In sum, it is certainly not an exaggeration to describe the Step Pyramid as a one of the most remarkable architectural works produced by the ancient Egyptians. "That later generations regarded it with exceptional esteem is dear, not only from the veneration which they accorded to Imhotep, but also from hieratic graffiti on the passage walls of the southern building, which record the admiration felt by some Egyptians who visited the monument more than a thousand years after it was built" (Edwards 1955:63). In fact, no other known pyramid has been found with the same quantity of imposing buildings designed specifically to supply the needs of the king in his after-life. In their stead, the kings who ruled two dynasties later were satisfied with pictorial representations simply carved in relief."
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Office Design.
This paper reviews literature on office design and then applies it to a specific project to redesign an office at Vartest Laboratory Office.
4,755 words (approx. 19.0 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 122.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that office design, which evolved post WWII and was influenced by the Burolandschaft movement in Germany, has changed drastically with the advent of personal computer systems, creating the need for more desk space lighting to reduce the glare on computer screens. The author points out that office design theory recommends color schemes combining blues and creams, which gives the office a calming, airy affect and creates an environment that is appealing to customers and is comfortable and calming to employees. The paper reports the results of an employee survey revealed that the employees were dissatisfied with their work environment and wanted the office to be renovated because the appearance of the office was unprofessional, the office furniture was uncomfortable, the color scheme not satisfying and the kitchen area was unacceptable. Tables, graphs. Questionnaire included.
Table of Contents
Review of Project Purpose
Major Findings
Recommendation for Implementation
Introduction
Problem Identification
Literature Review
Historical Changes in Office Design
The Importance of Ergonomics in Office Design
The impact of lighting
Impression Management
The Impact of Office Design on Productivity
Color Schemes and Gender
Gender and the Meaning of Color in Interior Environments
Livability Factor
Organization Factors
Symptomatic Factors
Data Collection/Analysis
Survey on Vartest Office Appearance
From the Paper
"As a result of the information provided by the literature review, we can make several recommendations concerning the renovation of the Vartest Laboratory Office. First, management must recognize that the way that the office looks leaves an impression on customers and employees. If the office looks unprofessional, it will not attract the ideal customers. In addition, an office that is poorly designed will cause employees to question whether they are valued by the company. In addition, the company must make a concerted effort to understand that the workplace is a social environment and people's behavior will coincide with the design of that environment."
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